{"id":10308,"date":"2016-10-24T09:17:28","date_gmt":"2016-10-24T09:17:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revoscience.com\/en\/?p=10308"},"modified":"2016-10-24T09:17:28","modified_gmt":"2016-10-24T09:17:28","slug":"study-links-changes-in-collagen-to-worse-pancreatic-cancer-prognosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/study-links-changes-in-collagen-to-worse-pancreatic-cancer-prognosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Study links changes in collagen to worse pancreatic cancer prognosis"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Cole<\/a>
Cole Drifka<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A study in the current journal Oncotarget provides the first evidence linking a disturbance of the most common protein in the body with a poor outcome in pancreatic cancer.<\/span><\/p>\n

The study<\/span><\/a>\u00a0reinforces growing evidence that collagen, which forms fibrous networks in skin, tendons and muscles, is intimately involved in several cancers, says the paper\u2019s corresponding author,\u00a0Kevin Eliceiri<\/span><\/a>, director of theLaboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(LOCI) at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison.<\/span><\/p>\n

For the study, the Wisconsin researchers examined surgical tissues from 114 pancreatic cancer patients and identified a particular rearrangement of collagen fibers surrounding the tumor as a \u201cbiomarker\u201d of early death.<\/span><\/p>\n

A similar rearrangement of collagen has also been found in breast cancer, head, neck, esophageal and colorectal cancers.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCollagen is the most abundant protein in the body,\u201d says Eliceiri. \u201cIt\u2019s a beautiful molecule \u2014 wavy, with a fibrous nature. Without it we would be a sack of nothing. With this little molecule, the specific fiber organization really matters to metastasis.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Kevin<\/a>
Kevin Eliceiri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The images were created using an automated laser scanning microscope developed at LOCI that shines a laser at tumor specimens mounted on microscope slides. The laser\u2019s bright, rapid pulses interact with the collagen fibers, which glow and reveal exquisite details of their structure and relationship to nearby fibers.<\/span><\/p>\n

The new study tested how collagen formation might affect metastasis, Eliceiri says. \u201cWe did not know anything about survival when we measured the alignment of the collagen in tumors from 114 pancreatic cancer patients. When we looked at the clinical records, we found that the tumors with highly aligned collagen fibers had the worst survival. To our knowledge, this is the first time this technique was used for prognostic purposes in pancreatic cancer.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

First author\u00a0Cole Drifka<\/span><\/a>, a biomedical engineering postdoctoral researcher, conceived and performed the study under the supervision of Eliceiri and W. John Kao, a professor of pharmacy. \u201cThe powerful tissue resource used in this study was made possible by generous financial donations from Teresa\u2019s Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer and the Tim and Mary Ann McKenzie Chair of Surgical Oncology Professorship,\u201d says Drifka. \u201cAbove all, it was made possible by the selfless tissue donations by UW Health patients. The new tissue collection represents a blossoming institutional focus on pancreatic cancer and is now available to all campus researchers seeking to comprehend this challenging disease.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

[pullquote]The LOCI lab specializes in developing new imaging techniques for living things, with a special interest in studying cells in their microenvironment rather than in isolation.[\/pullquote]<\/p>\n

Finding and fighting metastases is a focus in cancer treatment, Eliceiri explains. \u201cThe original tumor seldom kills; poor prognosis is usually due to metastases as they spread to new tissues and organs.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The LOCI lab specializes in developing new imaging techniques for living things, with a special interest in studying cells in their microenvironment rather than in isolation. In the case of several major tumor types, the collagen matrix plays a critical role, Eliceiri says.<\/span><\/p>\n

For reasons yet to be determined, he adds, \u201ccancer progression seems to be associated with the reorientation of the direction of the collagen. The tumor starts with collagen wrapped around it, but when it\u2019s time to metastasize, the collagen fiber changes it alignment.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

If alignment matters to metastasis, \u201cwe want to know what causes the alignment shift, because then maybe we could block that change,\u201d Eliceiri says. For example, if a signaling molecule initiates the realignment, it could be a target for drugs.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Sharon<\/a>
Sharon Weber<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Collagen, a structural protein often involved in scarring and wound healing, is emerging as an important factor in a number of other diseases, Eliceiri says. \u201cCollagen may be harmful or protective, but in every disease where collagen is present, it\u2019s part of the disease process.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

More than a dozen labs at UW\u2013Madison are working on various aspects of collagen. For example, Patricia Keely, professor and chair of cell and regenerative biology who studies the matrix surrounding cells, is exploring its link to breast cancer. \u00a0Paul Campagnola, a professor of biomedical engineering, is exploring its link in ovarian and lung cancer. \u00a0Sharon Weber<\/span><\/a>, a co-author on the Oncotarget paper and a professor of surgery, concentrates on pancreatic cancer.<\/span><\/p>\n

Understanding collagen\u2019s role in cancer could have several uses, Weber says. \u201cPrognosis, which is our focus in this paper, is one. Can we identify some signature in the pattern of collagen that will help us understand which patients are going to do well and which are not? Might collagen patterns also help us sort out which patients should undergo surgery? The patterns of collagen in cancer might also be used to ascertain the effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiation so that we can utilize those toxic treatments in those patients who will benefit most.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In cancer, Weber says, knowledge is power. \u201cIt would be amazing if we could use these differences in collagen patterns to help discover new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n