{"id":16800,"date":"2019-09-11T16:58:09","date_gmt":"2019-09-11T16:58:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/?p=16800"},"modified":"2020-06-09T12:41:40","modified_gmt":"2020-06-09T12:41:40","slug":"yen-ya-and-of-yen-deya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/yen-ya-and-of-yen-deya\/","title":{"rendered":"Yen Ya and of Yen-Deya"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Prof. M. L Singh, PhD <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Habitats of Yen (Kathmandu <\/a>city) is right now celebrating Yen Yaa<\/a> celebrated every year for eight days and government will celebrate it officially as Indra Jatra <\/a>to legalize the looting of this city by its predecessors. Many distortions have been made making Nepalese ignorant of the true facts. This Jatra<\/em> is also called Kumari Jatra. In fact this jatra is called Yen Ya to celebrate the establishment of Yen Dya by a Kirati leader Yalamber <\/a>(who became later Akash Bhairab of Indrachok).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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It is said that he was great tantric. He drained the Bisnumati river flowing from places which now were the main streets of the Kathmandu city by keeping Ghas activated by Tantra<\/a> (Tantric water vessels) at different places of the river and established human settlements with names Gha at the end. The major settlements so established made were Ongha ( Present Indrachok), Kilagha (present Kilaga, Nagha ( Naga), Sigha ( Sigal), Nhu gha (Present jaisidebal). Each of these settlements were habited by only one group of different indigenous population refereed as Jyapu in aggregate form. These groups were different in genetic compositions and origins but later absorbed into common sophisticated social structure developing advanced Jyapu <\/a>civilization which later became a part of Newa-civilization. These settlements have their own protective deities and were worshiped by locals of the settlements. These settlements were called Twa (similar to small sections of present wards) and the inhabitants were called Twa Khala (members of the Twa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many outsiders\nas well modern sociologist never tried to understand this fact and presented\nhabitants of different settlements as a common community called Jyapu. For\ninstance for many, habitants of Ongha, Kilagha ,Hainpu Nani, adjoining\nlocalities of Ongha were same jyapus with common social features and dress. But\nin fact, they are entirely different ethnic groups of peasants. Habitants of\nOngha were Kiraties, Habitants of Kilagha were the cow keepers and Habitants of\nHainpu Nabi were the dock keepers<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Later the new\ntwas were developed and the number of twas extended to 32 from 17 existing ones.\nThe old twas (17 in number) were the mains ones and uses Dhunias<\/em> to\ndisplay in the Jatra<\/em>. The Twas<\/em> were self governing social units\nadministrated by the Guthis<\/em> headed by elders called Thakuulis<\/em>. In\norder to prevent genetic deterioration by marriage within the same families, the\nmarriages of the members belonging to the same twa were strictly forbidden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Newa Bhasa, Dya is spatial unit formed by integrated twas and divided into two linear parts, called Thane and Kone<\/em>. Yen dya is about 2km from south to north and about 1km from west to east. Newa Dya<\/em> is not a Desh (Country) as many misunderstood nor a country to be ruled by kings or monarch .It is simply an aggregate of settlements with number of gates at its outer circumference. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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In Yen dya,<\/em> at the start of Yen ya, local people pay tributes their deaths by putting lighted Palcha on this circumference. This circumference is the boundary of old Yen dey. Later a lichivi king Gunakam Deva, who happened to be the ruler of this dya in 12th<\/sup> century renamed this dya as Kantipur by putting a statue of Kanteshore(Shiva<\/a>) at a pit in Ongha square. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Nepalese\nhistory, the founder of this dya with sword shape was misquoted as Gunakam Deva\nwith distortion that that this dya was established by putting statues of eight\nAjimas at its circumferences In fact , these statues existed long ago before\ncoming of Guna Kamana Dev. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 14 century,\na tantric Gubhaju constructed a mandapa with a temple by using the woods of a\nsingle tree at Maru square and named it as Kasthamandapa. Later this name was\nextended to denote the whole of the Kantipur city. After subjugation of the\ncity by Gorkhalis about three hundred years, the ruling Thakuries from far\nwestern hills of Nepal changed the name of the city as Kathmandu in consonance\nwith names of their localities as Mandu (in Doti district)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus we find\ndifferent names for the same settlements as Yen Dey, Kantipur, Kasthamandapa\nand Kathmandu. However the native population of the valley, the newars still\nrefers it as Yen. Lalitpur as Yala and Bhaktapur as Khopa. The main square of\nthe city, Ongha was named Indrachok by Surpratap Shah, the son of\nPrithivinarayan Shah. To justify the name he introduced the practices of\ndisplaying bronze statue of Hindu god Indra at a platform raised and supported\nby four wooden pillars each about 40ft at Ongha and Maru squares during Yan Yaa\nand the changed its name as Indrajatra. Also during this jatra, last malla king\nJayaprakas Malla introduced the practices of drawing of chariots of living\ngoddess Kumari in the streets of Yen Dya and since then this practice continued\nuntil now; The Yen Ya is also called Kumari Jatra. But native of the valley\nstill continue to call this function as Yen ya. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Kumari\njatra, the chariots of living goddess Kumari, Bhiarab and Ganesh are pulled in\nthe streets of the Yen Dai, for three days,1st day in Konya celebrated as Konya\nYay, 2nd day in Thanya as Thanya Ya as and 5th day again in Thanay as Nanicha\nYa but the route being truncated through Kilagal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Kumari <\/a>is represented by a Sakya girl who has yet not attained the puberty. She is considered the incarnation of Taleju Bhawani, the clan deity of Karnataki kings of Simaraun Garth in Rautahat brought to the valley by the king Harihar Dev when he fled to valley to be safe from Muslim invasion. Here also, the true fact was distorted Kumari is a virgin girl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancient Newa\nintroduced the concept of Kumari goddess a fierce and dreadful deity and made a\ngirl child to represent her in order to discourage the sexual manipulation of\nminor girls. So every important old Newa Twa installed one Living Kumari\ngoddess in their locality to protect the minor girls in their locality from\nsexual abuses. This practice was adopted making present system of Kumari as the\nauthority to legalize the reign of a person as a ruler.. This was done in the\nevening of Nanicha Ya by visiting Kumari at kumari chen of Basantapur by the\nhead of the country and taking Tika from Her. This act is called Tikha Phaygu\nceremony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

About 300 year ago, Ghorkhalis invaded the Yen Dya at evening when Newa were celebrating the Kumari jatra not giving any opportunity for local people to defend themselves against the rules of war. Though claimed this as a war, it is the act of looting .This looting was made legal by Gorkha king by taking Tika from Kumari,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During Rana\nperiod, this Jatra used to be celebrated as victory parade of Gorkha soldiers\nagainst the locals. And this parade used to be participated by Shree 3 maharaja\n(Rana Pri-ministers) riding on decorated elephants and throwing the silver\ncoins to beautiful ladies specially Newar girls onlookers, Males were no\nallowed to stay at their homes during this parade<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus Yan Ya- the jatra initiated to celebrate establishment of\nYen Dey ya (present Kathmandu city) is misused as Indra jatra as a victory\nparade of outsiders over locals. Newa population should pay attention to this\nfact.<\/p>\n
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Habitats of Yen (Kathmandu city) is right now celebrating Yen Yaa celebrated every year for eight days and government will celebrate it officially as Indra Jatra to legalize the looting of this city by its predecessors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-culture"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",1200,821,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-200x200.jpg",200,200,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-300x205.jpg",300,205,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-768x525.jpg",750,513,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-1024x701.jpg",750,513,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",1200,821,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",1200,821,false],"ultp_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",1169,800,false],"ultp_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",833,570,false],"ultp_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",600,411,false],"ultp_layout_square":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",600,411,false],"newspaper-x-single-post":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-760x490.jpg",760,490,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-big":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-550x360.jpg",550,360,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-list-image":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal-95x65.jpg",95,65,true],"web-stories-poster-portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",640,438,false],"web-stories-publisher-logo":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",96,66,false],"web-stories-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ongha-nepal.jpg",150,103,false]},"author_info":{"info":["RevoScience"]},"category_info":"Blog<\/a> Culture<\/a>","tag_info":"Culture","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16800"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16800\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}