{"id":19301,"date":"2020-10-07T12:02:15","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T06:17:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/?p=19301"},"modified":"2020-10-07T12:05:11","modified_gmt":"2020-10-07T06:20:11","slug":"nobel-prize-in-physics-2020-awarded-to-roger-penros-reinhard-genzel-and-andrea-ghez","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/nobel-prize-in-physics-2020-awarded-to-roger-penros-reinhard-genzel-and-andrea-ghez\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 awarded to Roger Penros, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"675\" height=\"375\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-675x375.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19303\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-675x375.jpg 675w, https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-768x427.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-209x116.jpg 209w, https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg 903w\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>This year&#8217;s Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded jointly to Roger Penros, Reinhard Genzel\u00a0and\u00a0Andrea Ghez for exploring Black holes and the Milky Way\u2019s darkest secret.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Laureates share Nobel Prize for their discoveries about one of the most exotic phenomena in the universe, the black hole. Roger Penrose followed the Einstein general theory of relativity that leads to the formation of black holes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez discovered that an invisible and extremely heavy object governs the orbits of stars at the centre of our galaxy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prof. G\u00f6ran K. Hansson, Secretary General, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kva.se\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences<\/a> (RSAS) announced that, &#8220;Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 was divided, one half awarded to Roger Penrose, University of Oxford, UK &#8220;for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While other half jointly to Reinhard Genzel, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany and University of California, Berkeley, USA and Andrea Ghez, University of California, Los Angeles, USA <em>\u201cfor the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"newspaper-x-video-container\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Announcement of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5JFKNDVmx6k?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Supermassive black hole explanation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Roger Penrose&nbsp;used ingenious mathematical methods in his proof that black holes are a direct consequence of Albert Einstein\u2019s general theory of relativity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Einstein did not himself believe that black holes really exist, these super-heavyweight monsters that capture everything that enters them. Nothing can escape, not even light.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In January 1965, ten years after Einstein\u2019s death, Roger Penrose proved that black holes really can form and described them in detail; at their heart, black holes hide a singularity in which all the known laws of nature cease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His groundbreaking article is still regarded as the most important contribution to the general theory of relativity since Einstein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reinhard Genzel\u00a0and\u00a0Andrea Ghez\u00a0each lead a group of astronomers that, since the early 1990s, has focused on a region called Sagittarius A* at the centre of our galaxy. The orbits of the brightest stars closest to the middle of the Milky Way have been mapped with increasing precision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The measurements of these two groups agree, with both finding an extremely heavy, invisible object that pulls on the jumble of stars, causing them to rush around at dizzying speeds. Around four million solar masses are packed together in a region no larger than our solar system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the world\u2019s largest telescopes, Genzel and Ghez developed methods to see through the huge clouds of interstellar gas and dust to the centre of the Milky Way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stretching the limits of technology, they refined new techniques to compensate for distortions caused by the Earth\u2019s atmosphere, building unique instruments and committing themselves to long-term research. Their pioneering work has given us the most convincing evidence yet of a supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe discoveries of this year\u2019s Laureates have broken new ground in the study of compact and supermassive objects. But these exotic objects still pose many questions that beg for answers and motivate future research. Not only questions about their inner structure, but also questions about how to test our theory of gravity under the extreme conditions in the immediate vicinity of a black hole\u201d, says David Haviland, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This year&#8217;s Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded jointly to Roger Penros, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for exploring Black holes and the Milky Way\u2019s darkest secret.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","category-news"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",903,502,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-200x200.jpg",200,200,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-675x375.jpg",675,375,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-768x427.jpg",750,417,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-675x375.jpg",675,375,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",903,502,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",903,502,false],"ultp_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",903,502,false],"ultp_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",870,484,false],"ultp_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",600,334,false],"ultp_layout_square":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",600,334,false],"newspaper-x-single-post":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-760x490.jpg",760,490,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-big":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-550x360.jpg",550,360,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-list-image":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis-95x65.jpg",95,65,true],"web-stories-poster-portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",640,356,false],"web-stories-publisher-logo":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",96,53,false],"web-stories-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/nobel-prize-in-physcis.jpg",150,83,false]},"author_info":{"info":["RevoScience"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/category\/culture\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Culture<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a>","tag_info":"News","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19301"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19301\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}