{"id":23988,"date":"2023-06-10T18:56:48","date_gmt":"2023-06-10T13:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/?p=23988"},"modified":"2023-06-10T19:05:44","modified_gmt":"2023-06-10T13:20:44","slug":"researchers-identify-a-protein-central-for-separating-genetic-material-into-daughter-cells-during-cell-division","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/researchers-identify-a-protein-central-for-separating-genetic-material-into-daughter-cells-during-cell-division\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers identify a protein central for separating genetic material into daughter cells during cell division"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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CENP-C oligomerization through the Cupin domain is crucial for kinetochore\/centromere assembly<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Osaka, Japan \u2013 During cell division, chromosomes, i.e., molecules containing our genetic material, must be properly replicated and segregated so that each daughter cell receives a complete and accurate set. Now, in an article published in\u00a0Molecular Cell<\/em>, a team led by researchers at Osaka University has identified a protein central to this critical process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

First, some background. Prior to cell division, the two copies of each chromosome are fused together at a region called the centromere. When it\u2019s time to separate, they have pulled away from each other along rope-like microtubules into their respective daughter cells. A protein complex called the kinetochore connects the centromere of each chromosome to its respective microtubules and is thus vital to chromosome segregation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 The \u2018constitutive centromere-associated network\u2019 (CCAN), a subcomplex of the kinetochore fixed to the centromere, is an important base upon which the kinetochore can assemble and bind to the microtubules. Previous data suggested that one CCAN protein, CENP-C, is particularly important but its exact role has remained unclear. Therefore, the research team used biochemical analyses to examine how CENP-C contributes to chromosome segregation.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u201cThough the various species studied in laboratories are very different, such as yeast, chickens, and humans, CENP-C is found in all of them,\u201d says Masatoshi Hara, lead author of the study. \u201cThis is called conservation, and it indicates to scientists that this protein has an essential role in cells.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The team aimed to determine which portions of the CENP-C protein, called domains, were key to its function. They worked with chicken cells that were engineered so that CENP-C protein expression could be turned off when desired. This allowed researchers to express experimental versions of the CENP-C protein with individual domains deleted and examine the effects on the cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

 \u201cWe deleted two portions of CENP-C: the CCAN-binding domain and the C-terminal region, which contains a domain known as Cupin,\u201d explains Tatsuo Fukagawa, senior author of the article. \u201cOur data show that both are necessary and sufficient for CENP-C to function normally in chicken cells. The cells could not grow and divide properly without them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Further experiments demonstrated that the Cupin domain of CENP-C, in both chickens and humans, forms a series of repeating units. In chicken cells with CENP-C expression turned off, experimentally expressing a version of the CENP-C with the Cupin domain deleted could not restore normal growth function to the cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u201cOur analyses indicate that Cupin domain oligomerization is essential for CENP-C to function normally, specifically through supporting CCAN localizing to centromeres and facilitating kinetochore organization,\u201d says Hara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0These findings show us one way in which the body maintains its genomic integrity; such information could help to develop therapeutics for preventing or treating diseases associated with the genome. Furthermore, by revealing that CENP-C supports centromere\/kinetochore assembly through the activity of the Cupin domain, this study has uncovered a molecular mechanism underlying one of life\u2019s most fundamental processes.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

During cell division, chromosomes, i.e., molecules containing our genetic material, must be properly replicated and segregated so that each daughter cell receives a complete and accurate set. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23990,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",1140,828,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-200x200.png",200,200,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-551x400.png",551,400,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-768x558.png",750,545,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-675x490.png",675,490,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",1140,828,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",1140,828,false],"ultp_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-1140x800.png",1140,800,true],"ultp_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-870x570.png",870,570,true],"ultp_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-600x828.png",600,828,true],"ultp_layout_square":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-600x600.png",600,600,true],"newspaper-x-single-post":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-760x490.png",760,490,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-big":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-550x360.png",550,360,true],"newspaper-x-recent-post-list-image":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2-95x65.png",95,65,true],"web-stories-poster-portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",640,465,false],"web-stories-publisher-logo":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",96,70,false],"web-stories-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/chromosome-2.png",150,109,false]},"author_info":{"info":["RevoScience"]},"category_info":"Research<\/a>","tag_info":"Research","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23988"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23988\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}