{"id":7343,"date":"2016-01-21T05:37:47","date_gmt":"2016-01-21T05:37:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revoscience.com\/en\/?p=7343"},"modified":"2016-01-21T05:37:47","modified_gmt":"2016-01-21T05:37:47","slug":"nasa-noaa-analyses-reveal-record-shattering-global-warm-temperatures-in-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/nasa-noaa-analyses-reveal-record-shattering-global-warm-temperatures-in-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA, NOAA Analyses Reveal Record-Shattering Global Warm Temperatures in 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"2015<\/a>
2015 was the warmest year since modern record-keeping began in 1880, according to a new analysis by NASA\u2019s Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
Credits: Scientific Visualization Studio\/Goddard Space Flight Center<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Earth\u2019s 2015 surface temperatures were the warmest since modern record keeping began in 1880, according to independent analyses by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).<\/span><\/p>\n

Globally-averaged temperatures in 2015 shattered the previous mark set in 2014 by 0.23 degrees Fahrenheit (0.13 Celsius). Only once before, in 1998, has the new record been greater than the old record by this much.<\/span><\/p>\n

The 2015 temperatures continue a long-term warming trend, according to analyses by scientists at NASA\u2019s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York (GISTEMP). NOAA scientists concur with the finding that 2015 was the warmest year on record based on separate, independent analyses of the data. Because weather station locations and measurements change over time, there is some uncertainty in the individual values in the GISTEMP index. Taking this into account, NASA analysis estimates 2015 was the warmest year with 94 percent certainty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[pullquote]NOAA scientists used much of the same raw temperature data, but a different baseline period, and different methods to analyze Earth\u2019s polar regions and global temperatures.<\/span>\u00a0[\/pullquote]<\/p>\n

\u201cClimate change is the challenge of our generation, and NASA\u2019s vital work on this important issue affects every person on Earth,\u201d said NASA Administrator Charles Bolden. \u201cToday\u2019s announcement not only underscores how critical NASA\u2019s Earth observation program is, it is a key data point that should make policy makers stand up and take notice – now is the time to act on climate.<\/span><\/p>\n

The planet\u2019s average surface temperature has risen about 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (1.0 degree Celsius) since the late-19th century, a change largely driven by increased carbon dioxide and other human-made emissions into the atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n

Most of the warming occurred in the past 35 years, with 15 of the 16 warmest years on record occurring since 2001. Last year was the first time the global average temperatures were 1 degree Celsius or more above the 1880-1899 average.<\/span><\/p>\n

Phenomena such as El Ni\u00f1o or La Ni\u00f1a, which warm or cool the tropical Pacific Ocean, can contribute to short-term variations in global average temperature. A warming El Ni\u00f1o was in effect for most of 2015.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c2015 was remarkable even in the context of the ongoing El Ni\u00f1o,\u201d said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. \u201cLast year\u2019s temperatures had an assist from El Ni\u00f1o, but it is the cumulative effect of the long-term trend that has resulted in the record warming that we are seeing.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Weather dynamics often affect regional temperatures, so not every region on Earth experienced record average temperatures last year. For example, NASA and NOAA found that the 2015 annual mean temperature for the contiguous 48 United States was the second warmest on record.<\/span><\/p>\n

NASA\u2019s analyses incorporate surface temperature measurements from 6,300 weather stations, ship- and buoy-based observations of sea surface temperatures, and temperature measurements from Antarctic research stations. These raw measurements are analyzed using an algorithm that considers the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and urban heating effects that could skew the conclusions if left unaccounted for. The result of these calculations is an estimate of the global average temperature difference from a baseline period of 1951 to 1980.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOAA scientists used much of the same raw temperature data, but a different baseline period, and different methods to analyze Earth\u2019s polar regions and global temperatures.<\/span><\/p>\n

GISS is a NASA laboratory managed by the Earth Sciences Division of the agency\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The laboratory is affiliated with Columbia University\u2019s Earth Institute and School of Engineering and Applied Science in New York.<\/span><\/p>\n

NASA monitors Earth’s vital signs from land, air and space with a fleet of satellites, as well as airborne and ground-based observation campaigns. The agency develops new ways to observe and study Earth’s interconnected natural systems with long-term data records and computer analysis tools to better see how our planet is changing. NASA shares this unique knowledge with the global community and works with institutions in the United States and around the world that contribute to understanding and protecting our home planet.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Earth\u2019s 2015 surface temperatures were the warmest since modern record keeping began in 1880, according to independent analyses by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7344,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-research"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",985,554,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008-150x150.jpeg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008-300x168.jpeg",300,168,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",750,422,false],"large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",750,422,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",985,554,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",985,554,false],"ultp_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",985,554,false],"ultp_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",870,489,false],"ultp_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",600,337,false],"ultp_layout_square":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",600,337,false],"newspaper-x-single-post":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",760,427,false],"newspaper-x-recent-post-big":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",550,309,false],"newspaper-x-recent-post-list-image":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",95,53,false],"web-stories-poster-portrait":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",640,360,false],"web-stories-publisher-logo":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",96,54,false],"web-stories-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/16-008.jpeg",150,84,false]},"author_info":{"info":["Amrita Tuladhar"]},"category_info":"Environment<\/a> Research<\/a>","tag_info":"Research","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7343"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7343\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revoscience.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}